The parenthood of mothers who present with psychotic disorders remains little studied. In the Francophone literature, it is primarily approached from the point of view of risk factors for the child. Using a literature review, this article proposes a new approach to this issue, one that also raises questions about protection factors. The aim is, on the one hand, to describe the harmful effects of this illness and the difficulties that psychotic women encounter during parenthood and, on the other, to describe individual and environmental factors that may help protect them in their role as mothers. An ecosystemic approach, taking into account both personal and environmental factors, appears to be the best way of understanding the issue of mothers who present with psychotic disorders, and of contributing to processes of individual and familial resilience.