A recent comprehensive revision of France’s socio-occupational nomenclature has led to the development of a job classification and ranking schema. The new schema, available for public statistics surveys from 2022 and applicable retrospectively to 2003, offers a grid for interpreting the country’s employment structure in which social stratification and institutional segmentation are linked. Conceived as complementary to the country’s historical socio-occupational categories, the new schema reflects the importance acquired in recent decades by unemployment and work diversification (rise of job insecurity, France’s redefinition of self-employment, a reorganization of the public-sector employment sphere). The article’s first analyses highlight the power of hierarchical and institutional divisions not only with regard to occupational situation but also family, housing, and health situations, heralding a possible renewal of analyses in the corresponding research fields.