This article is based on an innovative study of migration in Europe exploiting complementary data bases and developing a new typology of migrant categories. The study makes it possible to determine foreign population trends in the EU member states according to several criteria (nationality of migrants, country of birth, employment contracts, sector of employment, level of qualification, etc.) and the dynamic of migration flows from within and outside the EU. The new phenomenon of reiterated migration within the European area is also highlighted. A strong dissymmetry of EU countries’ relative positions with respect to migration emerges: some are traditional receiving countries and implement selective opening policies while new immigration countries in Southern Europe operate as transit countries for young and highly qualified migrants from Central and Eastern Europe and the developing countries. There is thus a renewal of migration within the European space, as well as greater complexity, given the growth in reiterated migration of third-country nationals.