Social policy is undergoing substantial reorganization that alters both the way the State intervenes and the way other institutions provide social benefits. Within the context of social reforms, this article concentrates on the evolution of a social action program for retirement benefits for senior citizens by examining its role in the public pension fund. By providing a series of more or less innovative supplementary retirement benefits to retired persons, the social action system contributes to the overall national retirement programs that have been in place since the 1970s. This aid participates in the social integration of retirees and constitutes a supplement to insurance benefits. Nevertheless, the priorities of social welfare for seniors are going through a process of redefinition by targeting the most destitute populations as a priority. This evolution allows us to question the transformations in social protection, notably in regard to the tensions that exist between universal social protection and selectively aiding the most disadvantaged.