The aim of this research is to compare theories and practices of treating work-related suffering in France and Sweden. Two different theoretical and scientific orientations will be presented, as well as the differences and similarities observed in the therapeutic treatment of patients suffering from work-related problems. We conducted a qualitative survey of forty-two practitioners (psychologists, physicians, ergonomists, and consultants), which enabled us to identify the stages in the management of patients suffering from work-related problems. Our results allowed us to observe that practitioners, depending on their orientation, use different techniques while maintaining the same objective of addressing this suffering. Thus, despite theoretical differences and operative discrepancies, patients in these two countries follow similar steps in the treatment process.