CAIRN-INT.INFO : International Edition

Universities are key players in the knowledge economy and are faced with major societal challenges exacerbated by global competition and international rankings such as the Shanghai and Times Higher Education (THE) rankings. The avenues explored by these institutions to sustain their activities include the entrepreneurial university model directly inspired by the entrepreneurial model (Mailhot & Schaeffer, 2009). However, becoming an entrepreneurial university cannot be improvised, and the use of strategy is essential to meet this challenge, provided that the specific context of these public organizations is taken into account (Buckland, 2009; Hansen & Jacobsen, 2016). While the higher education landscape, particularly in France, is not very comfortable with the analytical frameworks of strategy, university organizational configurations must adapt to this new situation by mobilizing their key actors, namely academics.
In this particular context, which is even more unsettled following the Covid-19 health crisis, the use of innovative methodological approaches seems particularly timely to change perspective. Research in social sciences, and more specifically in management, encourages going off the beaten track to explore new approaches (Moriceau & Soparnot, 2019). Thus, Mairesse (2019) proposes a renewed epistemological posture around the aesthetic approach to organizations. Responding to a need for ‘sensitivity’ of the strategic field requiring ‘finding the way to create decadenc…

English

This article explores how an aesthetic approach contributes to enriching the formulation of strategy by thinking outside the box, responding to recent calls for the introduction of more “sensitivity” into the field of strategic management to counter the dominance of rationality and positivism. Faced with the omnipresence of uncertainty in organizations are looking for innovative approaches to think about change. In this respect, methods inspired by art seem particularly relevant. For this reason, one of the authors conducted a research-intervention with an artistic approach in a French multidisciplinary university. This intervention serves as a field of investigation into how an aesthetic approach can potentially contribute to the formulation of strategy in a specific category of organizations, in this case universities. For several decades, research has emphasized the atypical character of universities in terms of their relationship to strategy, while these institutions are now confronted with paradoxical injunctions requiring them to reinvent themselves to meet the challenges of global competition. Our study highlights the contribution of an aesthetic approach, both in terms of the characteristics of the strategic decision-making process and the results of this process. Strategy formulation seems to be facilitated by the integration of cognitive, emotional and bodily processes that stimulate creativity and lead to an intuitive and imaginative understanding of the meaning of strategy and its complexity. This understanding brings satisfaction and motivation, but also changes in behavior and values at individual and organizational levels through the evocative power of metaphor and the stimulating energy of drawing and painting.

  • aesthetic approach
  • art
  • research-intervention
  • strategy
  • university
Français

L’approche esthétique au service de la formulation de la stratégie organisationnelle : l’exemple d’une Université française

Cet article explore la manière dont l’approche esthétique contribue à enrichir la formulation de la stratégie en sortant des sentiers battus, répondant aux récents appels à l’introduction de davantage de « sensibilité » dans le champ du management stratégique pour contrer la domination de la rationalité et du positivisme. Face à l’omniprésence de l’incertitude dans les organisations, celles-ci sont en quête de démarches innovantes pour penser le changement. A ce titre, les méthodes inspirées de l’art semblent particulièrement pertinentes. C’est pourquoi, une recherche-intervention par intervention artistique menée par l’un des auteurs auprès d’une université française pluridisciplinaire sert de terrain d’investigation pour questionner les apports potentiels d’une approche esthétique au service de la formulation de la stratégie d’une catégorie spécifique d’organisations, en l’occurrence les universités. Depuis plusieurs décennies, les recherches soulignent le caractère atypique des universités s’agissant de leur rapport à la stratégie, alors que ces institutions sont désormais confrontées à des injonctions paradoxales leur imposant de se réinventer pour relever les défis de la compétition mondiale. Notre étude met en évidence l’apport de l’approche esthétique tant au niveau des caractéristiques du processus de décision stratégique qu’au niveau des résultats de ce processus. La formulation de la stratégie semble être facilitée par l’intégration de processus cognitifs, émotionnels et corporels qui stimulent la créativité et conduisent à une compréhension intuitive et imaginative du sens de la stratégie et de sa complexité. Cette compréhension apporte satisfaction et motivation, mais aussi des changements de comportements et de valeurs aux niveaux individuel et organisationnel grâce au pouvoir évocateur de la métaphore et à l’énergie stimulante du dessin et de la peinture.

  • approche esthétique
  • art
  • recherche-intervention
  • stratégie
  • université
Vera Ivanaj
Vera IVANAJ holds a PhD and accreditation to direct research in Management Sciences. She is currently a lecturer in Management at the University of Lorraine, and is based at the Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Industries Chimiques in Nancy. Her professional background is international and she mobilizes transdisciplinary knowledge, acquired through extensive teaching and research experience in the human and social sciences. Vera develops her research activity at the “CEREFIGE” laboratory (EA 3942) and the UNESCO Chair (ICN Business School) “Art and science in the framework of sustainable development objectives”. Her work is published internationally and focuses on organizational strategies, art and aesthetics. Vera is also a painter. Her artwork is primarily abstract in nature and explores complex philosophical concepts such as life, energy and movement.
Sandrine Berger-Douce
Sandrine BERGER-DOUCE holds a PhD and a habilitation to direct research in Management Sciences and is a Professor at the Institut Mines-Télécom, currently working at Mines Saint-Etienne where she is Deputy Director of the Institut Henri Fayol. Her research at the CoActis laboratory (EA 4161) focuses on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices and strategies and more recently on responsible digital transformation in the context of SMEs. She regularly publishes her work in various academic journals such as the Revue Internationale PME (RIPME), Management International, the Revue Française de Gestion, the Revue Interdisciplinaire Management, Homme & Entreprise (RIMHE) and the Revue de l’Entrepreneuriat.
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