This article gives a theoretical presentation of the concept of “social capital” of Pierre Bourdieu by basing itself both on the definitions that he has given it and on the various uses he makes of it. Without giving a definitive meaning of the concept, the article seeks to identify its usefulness for thinking about the class logic and the unequal distribution of resources. It also seeks to show the particularity of this type of capital relative to others proposed by Bourdieu’s theory. The article identifies the links between social capital and other forms of capital (any similarities in the modes of operation, types of conversion between them, etc.). Finally, it proposes a reflection on the forms (incorporated and objectified) of this capital and its possible indicators. The article shows the relationship between this concept and the interest of Pierre Bourdieu for the upper classes and the field of power.